Arduino Project

Arduino Ultrasonic Distance Meter with LCD V3

Course Introduction

In this project, we use an ultrasonic sensor and a strip of 8 NeoPixel LEDs to create a dynamic radar-style proximity visualization system.

The number of LEDs lit up depends on the distance to the nearest object—closer objects light up more LEDs.

When no object is detected nearby (all LEDs off), the system cycles through red, green, and blue color modes, adding a visual indicator of system status.

This setup creates an engaging, color-changing alert system for monitoring proximity using the Arduino board.

Note

If this is your first time working with an Arduino project, we recommend downloading and reviewing the basic materials first.

1.1 Install Arduino IDE(Important)
1.2 Introduction of Arduino IDE

Required Components

In this project, we need the following components:

SN	COMPONENT INTRODUCTION	QUANTITY	PURCHASE LINK
1	Arduino UNO R4 WIFI	1	BUY
2	USB Type-C cable	1	×
3	Breadboard	1	BUY
4	Wires	Several	BUY
5	Ultrasonic Sensor Module	1	BUY
6	LED Strip	1	BUY

Wiring

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Common Connections:

LED Strip
Din: Connect to 6 on the Arduino.
GND: Connect to breadboard’s negative power bus.
+5V: Connect to breadboard’s passive power bus.

Ultrasonic Sensor Module
Trig: Connect to 4 on the Arduino.
Echo: Connect to 3 on the Arduino.
GND: Connect to breadboard’s negative power bus.
VCC: Connect to breadboard’s red power bus.

Writing the Code

Note
You can copy this code into Arduino IDE.
To install the library, use the Arduino Library Manager and search for FastLED and install it.
Don’t forget to select the board(Arduino UNO R4 WIFI) and the correct port before clicking the Upload button.

#include <FastLED.h>  // Include FastLED library
#define NUM_LEDS 8    // Number of LEDs in the chain
#define DATA_PIN 6    // Data pin for LED control

// Define the pin numbers for the ultrasonic sensor
const int echoPin = 3;
const int trigPin = 4;

CRGB leds[NUM_LEDS];  // Array to hold LED color data
int currentLeds = 0;  // Current number of LEDs lit
int colorState = 0;   // Color state: 0 = Red, 1 = Green, 2 = Blue
bool colorChanged = false; // Flag to track if color has changed

void setup() {
  pinMode(echoPin, INPUT);   // Set echo pin as input
  pinMode(trigPin, OUTPUT);  // Set trig pin as output

  FastLED.addLeds<NEOPIXEL, DATA_PIN>(leds, NUM_LEDS);  // Initialize LEDs
}

void loop() {
  float distance = readDistance();  // Get the measured distance
  int targetLeds = 0;  // Target number of LEDs to light up

  // Calculate the number of LEDs to light based on distance
  if (distance <= 5) {
    targetLeds = NUM_LEDS;  // Light up all LEDs if distance is 5 cm or less
  } else {
    targetLeds = max(0, NUM_LEDS - (int)((distance - 5) / 1));  // Decrease LEDs based on distance
  }

  // Smoothly transition the current LEDs towards the target LEDs
  if (currentLeds < targetLeds) {
    currentLeds++;  // Increment current LEDs
  } else if (currentLeds > targetLeds) {
    currentLeds--;  // Decrement current LEDs
  }

  // Change color when all LEDs are off
  if (currentLeds == 0 && !colorChanged) {
    colorState = (colorState + 1) % 3;  // Cycle through Red, Green, Blue
    colorChanged = true;  // Set the color change flag
  } else if (currentLeds > 0) {
    colorChanged = false;  // Reset the flag when LEDs are on
  }

  // Loop through each LED and set its state based on the current color
  for (int i = 0; i < NUM_LEDS; i++) {
    if (i < currentLeds) {
      // Set the color based on the color state
      if (colorState == 0) {
        leds[i] = CRGB::Red;   // All red
      } else if (colorState == 1) {
        leds[i] = CRGB::Green; // All green
      } else {
        leds[i] = CRGB::Blue;  // All blue
      }
    } else {
      leds[i] = CRGB::Black;  // Turn off LED if not in range
    }
  }

  FastLED.show();  // Update LED strip
  delay(75);       // Short delay for smooth transition
}

// Function to read the sensor data and calculate the distance
float readDistance() {
  digitalWrite(trigPin, LOW);   // Set trig pin to low
  delayMicroseconds(2);         // Wait for 2 microseconds
  digitalWrite(trigPin, HIGH);  // Trigger the sensor
  delayMicroseconds(10);        // Send a 10 microsecond pulse
  digitalWrite(trigPin, LOW);   // Set trig pin back to low

  // Measure the pulse width of the echo pin and calculate distance
  return pulseIn(echoPin, HIGH) / 58.0;  // Convert time to distance in cm
}

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Arduino Project

Arduino Ultrasonic Distance Meter with LCD V3

Course Introduction

Required Components

Wiring

Common Connections:

Writing the Code

Arduino Project

Arduino Ultrasonic Distance Meter with LCD V3

Course Introduction

Required Components

Wiring

Common Connections:

Writing the Code

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